Tabular Summary of Mild Disabilities

Tabular Summary of Mild Disabilities

Disability	Typical  Characteristics	Atypical/Other Characteristics
Attention Deficit  Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)	Lack of control in saying things Cannot wait for their turn Engage in dangerous activities Attention deficit Hyperactive when engage in high rates of purposeless movement Impulsive Fidgets w/ hands or feet or squirms in seat Poor in fine motor coordination Acts w/out sense of hindsight inability to efficiently stop and think prior to responding easily distracted forgetful in daily activities dislike tasks requiring sustained mental effort talks excessively interrupts or intrudes upon others poor in oral participation	Inefficient level of neurotransmitters results in reduced brain activity on thinking tasks. Weak executive functioning such as working memory and recall Slow cognitive processing
Mild Mental Retardation (MMD)	Difficulty in performing everyday activities Manifest before age 18 to 22 Fail to meet personal independence and social responsibility Problems in understanding and communicating Low rate of academic engagement Low rate of academic achievement Difficulty in attending tasks Low motivation Unusual or inappropriate behaviours Lack of curiosity and quiet behaviour Short life-span	Developmental disability Sub-average intellectual functioning with IQ scores from 55 to 70 Difficulty in accumulating knowledge Slow learning rates Have good long term memory Difficulty in remembering in short term esp. if facts are complex Inability to think abstractly
Learning Disabilities (LD)	Inattentive Hyperactive Impulsive Problems in self-regulatory behaviour Difficulty following directions or learning routines Difficulty in breaking words into their component sounds Problems pronouncing words Trouble finding the right word Trouble learning the alphabet, numbers, colors, shapes, days of the week Confuses basic words when reading Consistently misspells words and makes frequent reading errors Trouble learning basic math concepts Difficulty telling time and remembering sequences Spells the same word differently in a single document Trouble following classroom discussions and expressing thoughts aloud Poor handwriting Lack of acuity or sharpness in vision or audition Distracted by extraneous or unrelated things	Relatively average or above average intelligence IQ achievement discrepancy- child does not learn in accordance w/ his potential to learn Intrinsic to individual Exclusion or absence of mental retardation, sensory impairment & other disabilities problems with movement and coordination (dyspraxia) inability to understand or produce spoken language (aphasia) inability to distinguish subtle differences in sound, or hearing sounds at the wrong speed (auditory processing disorder) Problems in visual perception include missing subtle differences in shapes, reversing letters or numbers, skipping words, skipping lines, misperceiving depth or distance, or having problems with eye–hand coordination (Visual processing disorder ) Do not use memory strategies like rehearsal, categorizing and use of mnemonics Poor ability to store and  retrieve information
Emotional And Behavioural Disorder (EBD)	Inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships w/ peers & teachers Inappropriate behaviour or feelings under normal circumstances General pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression Develop fears Immediately scream, throw tantrums, hit others at slightest frustration Conduct disorder; disobedience, disruptive, getting into fights & bossy Anxiety withdrawal; social withdrawal, anxiety, depression, feeling of inferiority, guilt, shyness & unhappiness Immaturity; short attention span, extreme passivity, daydreaming, preference for younger playmates & clumsiness Social aggression; truancy, gang membership & theft Great difficult in developing interpersonal relationships Low empathy for others Violate rules & regulations Engage in vandalism, destroying public & private properties Displays unacceptable attire & grooming Persistent lying Teasing, clowning around, tattling & bullying Lascivious act, touching private parts of person bizarre motor acts abnormal mood swings acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behaviour (Schizotypal personality disorder) instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity (Borderline personality disorder)	Average or above average IQ Include children w/ schizophrenic disorders Experience pain or distress